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Related Concept Videos

Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

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Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
171

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates
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Delirium in the Neonate.

Samuel J Adams1, Alicia Sprecher2

  • 1Neurology - Child Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, 8915 W. Connell Cţ Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal intensive care unit delirium is often unrecognized. Early detection using scoring systems and management with nonpharmacologic measures, atypical antipsychotics, or α-2 agonists can improve infant outcomes.

Keywords:
DeliriumDexmedetomidineNeonatalQuetiapineRisperidone

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal intensive care
  • Pediatric critical care
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Delirium is a significant concern in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  • It is frequently underrecognized in critically ill infants.
  • Risk factors include illness severity, neurosedative medication use, and environmental disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and risk factors of delirium in the NICU.
  • To emphasize the importance of delirium detection and management strategies.
  • To review potential pharmacologic interventions for NICU delirium.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing pediatric evidence on neonatal delirium.
  • Discussion of risk factors and diagnostic challenges.
  • Exploration of management strategies, including nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic options.

Main Results:

  • Delirium is likely prevalent in NICU infants but often missed.
  • Illness severity, neurosedative exposure, and environmental factors increase risk.
  • Scoring systems can aid detection; management involves addressing causes and nonpharmacologic measures.

Conclusions:

  • Regular use of delirium scoring systems is recommended for improved detection in NICU settings.
  • Management should prioritize addressing underlying causes and implementing nonpharmacologic interventions.
  • Atypical antipsychotics and α-2 agonists show promise as adjunctive treatments for delirium and neurosedative weaning.