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Relation Between Plasma Proteomics Analysis and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Stable Coronary
Mihaela Ioana Dregoesc1, Adrian Bogdan Ţigu2, Siroon Bekkering3,4
1Department of Cardiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Insights
Plasma proteomics identified five novel biomarkers predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. These findings offer potential new targets for preventing cardiovascular events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Proteomics
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality despite advances in risk factor management.
- Identifying novel risk predictors is crucial for improving patient outcomes in stable CAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between plasma protein profiles and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with stable CAD.
- To identify novel protein biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular events.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 229 patients with stable CAD was analyzed.
- Plasma samples were analyzed using proximity extension assays to measure 177 proteins.
- Cox proportional-hazards regression was employed to identify biomarkers associated with MACE over an 18-month follow-up period.
Main Results:
- Six plasma proteins were significantly associated with MACE (p < 0.001).
- Five of these, including tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B and fibroblast growth factor-23, were independent predictors of MACE, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors.
- Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) was also associated with MACE.
Conclusions:
- The study identified five novel plasma protein biomarkers associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with stable CAD.
- These novel biomarkers may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of cardiovascular events in this patient population.
Objective:
Despite the advances in the control of traditional risk factors, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to establish the relation between plasma proteomics analysis and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with stable CAD.
Materials And Methods:
Patients with stable CAD and documented coronary atherosclerosis were screened for inclusion. Using proximity extension assays, 177 plasma proteins were simultaneously measured. The endpoint consisted of the first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) and was the composite of cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or acute limb ischemia at 18 months follow-up. Cox proportional-hazards regression with adjustment for multiple comparisons was used to identify biomarkers for the outcomes of interest.
Results:
The cohort consisted of 229 patients. Six mediators were associated with MACE (p < 0.001). For these markers, the risk of MACE was calculated: tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.30-2.10), C-C motif chemokine-3 (HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.23-1.98), decorin (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.26-2.16), fibroblast growth factor-23 (HR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.23-1.99), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) (HR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.23-2.11), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (HR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.25-2.29). Except for TRAIL-R2, the other proteins were associated with MACE independent of age, sex, diabetes mellitus, or estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Conclusions:
In patients with stable CAD, five novel biomarkers were identified as independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. Novel biomarkers could represent pharmacological targets for the prevention of adverse cardiovascular events.
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