Industrially Compatible Fabrication Process of Perovskite-Based Mini-Modules Coupling Sequential Slot-Die Coating and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Photovoltaics

Background:

• Upscaling perovskite photovoltaic technology requires industrially viable deposition methods.
• Current methods face challenges in large-scale, cost-effective production.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and integrate industrially relevant deposition techniques for perovskite solar module fabrication.
• To achieve high-quality perovskite films and efficient solar cells/modules using scalable methods.

Main Methods:

• Chemical bath deposition (CBD) for tin oxide (SnO2) electron extraction layers.
• Sequential slot-die coating for perovskite layer deposition.
• Characterization using SEM, STEM, EDX, and cathodoluminescence.

Main Results:

• Homogeneous and reproducible SnO2 films deposited via low-temperature CBD.
• High-quality, dense perovskite layers with large grains achieved through sequential slot-die coating.
• Perovskite solar cells reached 19.2% power conversion efficiency.
• Mini-modules (40 cm2 aperture area) achieved 17% efficiency (18.1% active area).

Conclusions:

• The combination of CBD SnO2 and slot-die coated perovskite is a viable strategy for scalable perovskite solar module production.
• This approach enables the fabrication of efficient and uniform perovskite solar devices.
• The developed methods are promising for the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics.