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Performance Determinants in Trail-Running Races of Different Distances
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|February 25, 2022
Summary
Trail running performance depends on aerobic capacity. Shorter races (<60km) also rely on lipid utilization, while longer races (~100km) are influenced by maximal oxygen uptake, muscle strength, and body composition.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Science
- Trail Running Performance
Background:
- Limited research exists on physiological predictors of trail running performance.
- Road running physiology is well-studied, but trail running presents unique challenges.
- Understanding trail running determinants is crucial for training and race strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify physiological predictors of trail running performance.
- To investigate predictors across different race distances (<55km, 101km, >145km).
- To analyze determinants under similar terrain and weather conditions.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-five trail runners participated in Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc races.
- Pre-race assessments included incremental treadmill tests, power-force-velocity profiling, and maximal voluntary contractions.
- Post-race neuromuscular fatigue and anthropometric characteristics were evaluated.
Main Results:
- For shorter races (<55km), performance was predicted by maximal oxygen uptake and lipid utilization.
- Medium-distance races (101km) were determined by maximal oxygen uptake, maximal isometric strength, and body fat percentage.
- Longer races (>145km) showed correlation with peak velocity during incremental testing.
Conclusions:
- Aerobic capacity is a primary predictor of trail running performance.
- Lipid utilization is significant for races under 60km.
- Muscle strength and body composition are key for ~100km trail races.
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