Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

4.5K
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
4.5K
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

8.3K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
8.3K
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

456
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
456

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineering Metal-Support Interaction on Pd-Based Catalysts for Methane Combustion: Rational Construction and Catalytic Effect.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Modulating the neuroendocrine-immune network in depression: Therapeutic targets and pharmacological mechanism of natural products.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2026
Same author

Encephalopathy: Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment.

MedComm·2026
Same author

Long-Term Ambient Benzene Exposure and Brain Disorders Among Urban Adults: Effect Modification by Genetic Susceptibility and Potential Mediation by Plasma Proteins.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Synthesizing vocal tract magnetic resonance imaging sequences with phoneme-aware diffusion models.

Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)·2026
Same author

Strongly Correlated Electron Systems in Triple Metal Atoms Trigger Atomic-Level Structure Resonance for Durable and Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

PAC-Net: patch adaptive cut-off network with differentiable module-wise K-learning for robust and efficient medical image segmentation.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Four-dimensional on-beam computed tomography reconstruction using projection-difference images.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Higher-order synergy-based ranking in transcriptomic communities via latent factors and O-information.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Calculating biological dose distributions in hadrontherapy using GATE: the BioDose actor.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

A 1.5 mm BGO PET detector with DOI measurement.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Development and validation of XrayMC: a dedicated Monte Carlo tool for X-ray imaging and radiation protection.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.5K

Learning-based occupational x-ray scatter estimation.

Noah Maul1,2, Philipp Roser1,2,3, Annette Birkhold2

  • 1Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep neural networks accelerate the estimation of scattered radiation during x-ray procedures. This AI approach provides rapid, accurate dose monitoring for medical staff, reducing occupational radiation risk.

Keywords:
b-splinesconvolutional neural networksoccupational dosex-ray scatter

More Related Videos

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities
06:51

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

5.2K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.5K
Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities
06:51

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

5.2K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiological Sciences
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Background:

  • Medical staff in x-ray-guided procedures face occupational radiation exposure from patient-scattered ionizing radiation.
  • Accurate, real-time monitoring of this scattered radiation is crucial for staff safety but computationally intensive using traditional Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.
  • Existing methods lack the speed required for immediate feedback in dynamic interventional settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate deep neural networks (DNNs) as a computationally efficient alternative to MC simulations for scatter estimation.
  • To enable online monitoring of scattered radiation dose for medical personnel during interventional procedures.
  • To investigate DNNs for both 3D scatter distribution and 2D intensity projection prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented DNNs incorporating detailed patient anatomy, room objects, and x-ray spectra for realistic interventional scenarios.
  • Trained and tested networks for predicting full 3D scatter distributions.
  • Trained and tested networks for predicting 2D scatter intensity projections for visualization.

Main Results:

  • DNNs achieved mean relative errors between 12% and 14% compared to MC simulations for scatter estimation.
  • The proposed method demonstrated rapid computation times: 60 ms for 3D scatter distributions and 15 ms for 2D projections.
  • The accuracy and speed of DNNs are suitable for real-time applications in interventional radiology.

Conclusions:

  • Deep neural networks offer a computationally feasible solution for online scattered radiation assessment in interventional settings.
  • This AI-driven approach can significantly enhance the awareness and monitoring of radiation dose, thereby lowering occupational risks for medical staff.
  • The developed models provide a practical tool to improve radiation safety protocols during x-ray-guided procedures.