Recent Trends in Biosensors for Environmental Quality Monitoring

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Environmental pollution monitoring demands rapid, reliable, and cost-effective detection devices.
• Biosensing devices offer a promising solution for identifying environmental contaminants.
• Recent trends focus on developing advanced biosensors for pollutant analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest trends in biosensor development for environmental contaminant detection.
• To discuss various biosensor types, including enzyme, whole cell, antibody, aptamer, DNA-based, and biomimetic sensors.
• To summarize their applicability, constructive characteristics, and detection principles.

Main Methods:

• Review of current scientific literature on biosensors for environmental monitoring.
• Analysis of different biosensor types: enzyme, whole cell, antibody, aptamer, DNA-based, and biomimetic.
• Discussion of detection principles such as amperometry, conductometry, and luminescence.

Main Results:

• Various biosensor types show applicability for detecting diverse environmental pollutants.
• Detection principles vary in rapidity, sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and design.
• Mimetic biosensors are emerging as advantageous alternatives to classical biosensors.

Conclusions:

• Biosensors offer diverse options for pollutant detection with varying performance metrics.
• Mimetic biosensors present advantages and are gaining research interest.
• Further research is needed for robust biosensing devices capable of analyzing complex environmental matrices without pre-treatment.