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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

56
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
56
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

67
Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
67
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

84
DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
84
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

76
DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
76
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

74
IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
74
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

249
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
249

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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
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Novel Imaging Methods for Renal Mass Characterization: A Collaborative Review.

Eduard Roussel1, Umberto Capitanio2, Alexander Kutikov3

  • 1Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

European Urology
|February 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

New imaging tools can help characterize renal tumors, distinguishing benign from malignant types. This reduces unnecessary treatments and preserves kidney function by improving pretreatment diagnosis.

Keywords:
(99m)Tc-sestamibiArtificial intelligenceGirentuximabKidney cancerMachine learningMultiparametric magnetic resonance imagingPETRadiomicsRenal cell carcinomaSPECTVirtual biopsy

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Area of Science:

  • Urologic oncology and diagnostic imaging.
  • Development of advanced medical imaging techniques for solid renal mass characterization.

Background:

  • Increasing incidental detection of renal masses, many of which are benign or indolent.
  • Current over-treatment of renal tumors due to presumption of cancer, leading to unnecessary surgeries and potential renal function loss.
  • Clinical need for improved noninvasive tools for accurate pretreatment characterization of renal tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review evidence on noninvasive, imaging-based tools for solid renal mass characterization.
  • To identify novel imaging techniques and interpretative tools for improved renal tumor diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of the MEDLINE database.
  • Focus on studies published within the last 10 years.
  • Inclusion of novel imaging techniques and interpretative tools for solid renal mass characterization.

Main Results:

  • Several novel imaging tools show promise for characterizing indeterminate renal masses.
  • Key technologies include multiparametric MRI, molecular imaging with radiopharmaceuticals, radiomics, and AI-enhanced image interpretation.
  • Specific promising techniques include 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT for oncocytomas and PET/CT with radiolabeled girentuximab for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Conclusions:

  • Novel imaging tools are emerging to aid in the noninvasive characterization of indeterminate renal masses.
  • These tools have the potential to provide comprehensive virtual biopsies, including histology and molecular information.
  • Future application of these technologies may significantly improve patient management and prognosis assessment.