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Effective Sb(V) removal from aqueous solution using phosphogypsum-modified biochar.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphogypsum-modified biochar effectively removes antimonate from mine water. This PADC biochar exhibits a high adsorption capacity, exceeding twice that of pristine biochar, through complexation and electrostatic interactions.

Keywords:
Adsorption mechanismsAntimonate removalModified biocharOxyanions

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Water Treatment Technologies

Background:

  • Antimonate oxyanions ([Sb(OH)6]-) are the primary form of antimony (Sb) in mine water, necessitating effective removal strategies.
  • Discharging high-antimonate mine water poses environmental risks, making its treatment crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adsorption mechanism of antimonate by phosphogypsum-modified anaerobic digested distillers' grain (PADC) biochar.
  • To evaluate the adsorption capacity and efficiency of PADC biochar for treating Sb-contaminated mine water.

Main Methods:

  • Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study Sb(V) adsorption kinetics and isotherms.
  • Mathematical models, including Elovich and Redlich-Peterson, were employed to analyze adsorption behavior.
  • Characterization techniques such as FTIR, XPS, XRD, and TEM-EDS were utilized to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • PADC biochar demonstrated significantly enhanced lamellar and vesicular structures with calcium ion loading compared to pristine biochar.
  • Adsorption kinetics followed the Elovich equation, indicating heterogeneous adsorption, with intraparticle diffusion playing a key role.
  • The Redlich-Peterson model best described the adsorption isotherm, suggesting a combined Langmuir-Freundlich mechanism.
  • PADC biochar achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 8123 mg/kg for Sb(V), more than double that of pristine biochar (3487 mg/kg).

Conclusions:

  • PADC biochar is a highly effective adsorbent for antimonate removal from mine water.
  • The primary removal mechanisms involve the formation of Ca-O-Sb complexes, amorphous surface precipitation, and electrostatic adsorption.
  • PADC biochar shows significant potential for the practical treatment of antimony-contaminated mine water.