Rotavirus F and G circulating in chickens in Southeastern Brazil

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Virology
• Avian Pathology
• Poultry Health

Background:

• Rotavirus (RV) infections cause enteritis and diarrhea in poultry, impacting the poultry industry.
• The prevalence of rotavirus in avian populations remains poorly understood.
• Effective disease management requires understanding pathogen circulation in commercial flocks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of rotavirus species F (RVF) and G (RVG) in commercial poultry farms in Brazil.
• To investigate the occurrence of rotavirus in asymptomatic birds.
• To inform surveillance and control strategies for avian rotavirus.

Main Methods:

• Stool samples were collected from laying and broiler hens in Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil.
• Rotavirus species F and G were detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
• Prevalence was calculated based on positive sample detection.

Main Results:

• Rotavirus was detected in 11.7% (38/325) of samples.
• Rotavirus species F was found in 35 samples, and rotavirus species G in 3 samples.
• All positive samples were from asymptomatic broiler chickens, indicating silent circulation.

Conclusions:

• A high prevalence of rotavirus, particularly RVF, was observed in commercial poultry flocks in Brazil, even in the absence of clinical signs.
• The silent circulation of rotavirus in asymptomatic birds underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance programs.
• Continuous monitoring is essential for effective control measures and maintaining poultry farm productivity.