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Urbanization Levels and Its Association with Prevalence of Risk Factors and Colorectal Cancer Incidence
Mostafa Enayatrad1, Parvin Yavari2,3, Hamid Vahedi4
1Clinical Research Development Unit, Bahar Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Colorectal cancer incidence is higher in highly urbanized areas of Iran. Lower urbanization levels correlate with a reduced incidence of colorectal cancer, suggesting environmental and lifestyle factors play a role.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Oncology
Background:
- Colorectal cancer is a significant global health concern.
- Understanding its incidence patterns is crucial for targeted prevention.
- Urbanization is a growing phenomenon impacting health behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between urbanization levels and colorectal cancer incidence in Iran.
- To explore the relationship between known risk factors and colorectal cancer across different urbanization gradients.
Main Methods:
- Population-based study utilizing census and national registry data (2012).
- Negative binomial regression analysis to assess relationships.
- Statistical analysis performed using SPSS and Stata.
Main Results:
- No significant association found between nutrition status, tobacco use, or BMI and colorectal cancer incidence.
- Physical activity showed a significant relationship with incidence.
- Colorectal cancer incidence was significantly lower in areas with lower urbanization levels.
Conclusions:
- Higher urbanization levels are associated with increased colorectal cancer incidence.
- Urbanization may influence access to healthcare, screening, and risk factor modification.
- Geographic variations in urbanization impact public health strategies for colorectal cancer control.
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