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Risk Factors for Sepsis and Pulmonary Embolism Mortality in Burn Patients by Using a Competing Risk Model: A Machine
Fatemeh Javanmardi1, Zahra Shayan1, Amir Emami2
1Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, sums.ac.ir.
Biomed Research International
|August 12, 2026
Summary
Severe burn patients face high mortality, primarily from sepsis and pulmonary embolism (PE). Lower limb burns and increased red blood cell count significantly impact survival outcomes in burn care.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Critical Care Medicine
- Burn Management
Background:
- Severe burn injuries are a major cause of death globally.
- Sepsis and pulmonary embolism (PE) are leading complications contributing to mortality in burn patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors for mortality due to pulmonary embolism (PE) and sepsis in severe burn patients.
- To analyze the association between burn characteristics, laboratory findings, and mortality outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study conducted at a burn center in southwest Iran.
- Competing risk analysis was performed to evaluate death due to PE (event of interest) and death due to sepsis (competing event).
- Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to estimate mortality risk.
Main Results:
- The study included 623 patients, with a high overall mortality rate of 73.5%.
- Pulmonary embolism (PE) accounted for 2.7% of deaths, while sepsis caused 70.8% of deaths.
- Lower limb burns increased the risk of death from both PE (HR=3.15) and sepsis (HR=2.10). Higher RBC count and hemoglobin levels were associated with decreased mortality risk.
Conclusions:
- Burn site, severity, and laboratory indicators are crucial in predicting mortality risk.
- Understanding these factors can help improve patient outcomes and management strategies in burn care.
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