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Functional interplay between CFTR and pendrin: physiological and pathophysiological relevance.

Grazia Tamma1, Silvia Dossena2

  • 1Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|February 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The anion exchanger pendrin (SLC26A4) and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel are crucial for epithelial transport. Their interplay influences pH and fluid balance in organs like the airways and kidney.

Keywords:
CFTRinner earkidneylungpendrin/SLC26A4reviewthyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Epithelial transport of chloride and bicarbonate is vital for regulating intracellular and luminal fluid pH and volume, impacting systemic pH and vascular volume.
  • Pendrin (SLC26A4) and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) are key apical membrane proteins in various epithelia, including airways, kidney, thyroid, and inner ear.
  • Pendrin mediates chloride reabsorption and secretion of bicarbonate, thiocyanate, or iodide, while CFTR facilitates apical efflux of chloride, bicarbonate, and iodide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the functional interplay between pendrin and CFTR in different epithelial tissues.
  • To understand their roles in maintaining pH and fluid homeostasis, particularly in the airways and kidney.
  • To explore potential overlapping functions in iodide transport in the thyroid and inner ear.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews existing literature on the expression and function of pendrin and CFTR in various organs.
  • It analyzes their co-localization and proposed functional interactions based on physiological and molecular data.
  • Comparative analysis across different tissues to identify conserved and unique roles.

Main Results:

  • In airways, pendrin and CFTR contribute to apical fluid alkalinization via bicarbonate secretion, with CFTR also regulating fluid volume.
  • In the kidney, CFTR is essential for pendrin activity in β intercalated cells, facilitating bicarbonate secretion and chloride reabsorption.
  • In the thyroid, pendrin and CFTR may share roles in iodide transport into the follicular lumen.

Conclusions:

  • Pendrin and CFTR exhibit significant functional interactions in epithelial tissues, influencing ion and fluid transport.
  • Their coordinated action is critical for maintaining physiological balance, especially in the airways and kidney.
  • Further research is needed to fully define the mechanisms of their interplay and their roles in other organs like the inner ear.