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Series-connected solar array for high-speed underwater wireless optical links.

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    Series-connected solar arrays boost underwater optical communication speeds. By increasing array size and applying reverse bias, bandwidth significantly improved, enabling high data rates in challenging underwater environments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Underwater Wireless Optical Communication

    Background:

    • Solar panels are increasingly used as detectors in underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems due to their large detection area, simplifying link alignment.
    • A major limitation of solar panels in UWOC is their inherently low bandwidth, as they are optimized for energy harvesting, not high-speed data transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and investigate series-connected solar arrays as a solution for high-speed underwater detection in UWOC systems.
    • To enhance the frequency response and bandwidth of solar panel detectors for improved communication performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Investigated the impact of increasing solar array size (from 1x1 to 3x3) on detection bandwidth.
    • Applied reverse bias voltage to the series-connected solar array to further improve its frequency response.
    • Evaluated the system's performance in a 35-m underwater channel using a frequency domain equalizer.

    Main Results:

    • Increasing the solar array size from 1x1 to 3x3 enhanced the -20-dB bandwidth from 4.7 MHz to 24.2 MHz.
    • Applying a 90V reverse bias to the 3x3 array extended the -20-dB bandwidth to 63.4 MHz, the highest reported for large-area solar panel detectors in UWOC.
    • Achieved a data rate of 150 Mbps over a 35-m underwater channel using the proposed solar array system.

    Conclusions:

    • Series-connected solar arrays, particularly with reverse bias, offer a viable solution for high-speed detection in UWOC systems.
    • Off-the-shelf solar cells demonstrate significant potential for enabling high data rate underwater wireless optical communication.
    • The proposed method overcomes the bandwidth limitations of traditional solar panels for communication applications.