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Partisanship, Messaging, and the COVID-19 Vaccine: Evidence From Survey Experiments.

Aleksandra M Golos¹, Daniel J Hopkins², Syon P Bhanot³

¹Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP

|March 2, 2022

Summary

Partisan divides in COVID-19 attitudes persisted, with scientific messaging more effective than political endorsements for increasing vaccination intentions across diverse political groups.

Keywords:

COVID-19 vaccine elite messaging partisanship

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Political Science
Behavioral Science

Background:

Partisanship significantly influences public health attitudes and behaviors.
Understanding the impact of political and scientific messaging on COVID-19 vaccine intentions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate political partisanship in COVID-19 attitudes.
To assess the effects of partisan versus scientific messaging on COVID-19 vaccination intentions.

Main Methods:

A two-wave online survey with a two-arm randomized experiment was conducted with 2037 (May 2020) and 1577 (October 2020) Pennsylvania residents.
Participants were exposed to messaging from either President Trump or scientists endorsing a COVID-19 vaccine.
Vaccination intentions and COVID-19 attitudes were measured using Likert scales and analyzed via chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

Significant partisan differences were observed in all COVID-19 attitudes, with mask-wearing divides widening and vaccination intention divides narrowing over time.
Scientific messaging increased overall odds of intending to vaccinate by 32% in May and significantly boosted odds among Democrats in October.
Partisan messaging showed positive effects only among those with congruent beliefs, while scientific messaging demonstrated broader effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Partisan divisions in COVID-19 attitudes are widespread and enduring.
Scientific messaging is a more consistent and effective strategy for promoting vaccination intentions across different political affiliations compared to partisan endorsements.