Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of EGFR-TKI-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Immunology

Background:

• Advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has advanced with molecular targeted therapies.
• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective but face acquired drug resistance.
• Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, shows promise in T790M-positive NSCLC, yet resistance remains a clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the relationship between EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression in NSCLC.
• To summarize clinical studies on immunotherapy-based treatments for EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
• To provide insights into optimal treatment strategies for resistant NSCLC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical studies and research on EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression.
• Analysis of the efficacy of immunotherapy in combination with EGFR-TKIs.
• Synthesis of current data on acquired resistance mechanisms.

Main Results:

• EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression are interconnected in NSCLC.
• Immunotherapy, particularly PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, shows potential in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
• Clinical studies indicate varying responses to immunotherapy based on EGFR mutation status and PD-L1 levels.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the interplay between EGFR mutations and PD-L1 expression is crucial for NSCLC treatment.
• Immunotherapy-based strategies represent a promising avenue for managing EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
• Further research is needed to establish consensus on optimal treatment protocols.