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Summary
Eperythrozoonosis in swine, a disease causing fever and anemia, often results in asymptomatic carriers. This review highlights its potential underdiagnosis due to latent infections and non-specific symptoms in pig populations.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Swine Health
Context:
- Eperythrozoonosis is a significant disease affecting swine populations globally.
- Clinical manifestations include fever, anemia, and icterus, particularly in young piglets and farrowing sows.
- The disease often presents as a latent, subclinical infection, making diagnosis challenging.
Purpose:
- To provide a comprehensive review of eperythrozoonosis in swine.
- To discuss the etiology, clinical signs, prevalence, and significance of Eperythrozoon suis infections.
- To emphasize the potential for underdiagnosis due to the latent nature of the infection.
Summary:
- Eperythrozoonosis in swine is characterized by fever, anemia, and icterus, with higher susceptibility in suckling piglets and sows during farrowing.
- Infection commonly leads to a subclinical carrier state, which can be exacerbated by stress.
- Reported globally, the true prevalence may be underestimated due to non-specific symptoms and latent infections.
Impact:
- Highlights the importance of recognizing subclinical eperythrozoonosis in swine herds.
- Suggests that the disease may be more widespread than currently diagnosed, including in regions like Scandinavia.
- Underscores the need for improved diagnostic strategies to detect latent Eperythrozoon suis infections.