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Continuity and Change in U.S. Children's Family Composition, 1968-2017.

Paula Fomby1, David S Johnson2

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US children

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Demography
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Childhood family structures in the U.S. have undergone significant transformations.
  • Understanding these shifts is crucial for social policy and child welfare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in U.S. children's household composition from 1968 to 2017.
  • To examine the number, types, and movement of kin within children's households over time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N=30,412).
  • Tracked household membership, including entrances and departures of family members, over five decades.

Main Results:

  • Observed increasing household instability and diversity for children across three decades.
  • Identified a recent "stable complexity" characterized by fewer coresident parents but more extended kin.
  • Noted convergence in household composition for Black and White children, with Hispanic children's households remaining distinct.

Conclusions:

  • U.S. children's household environments have evolved towards "stable complexity."
  • Educational attainment remains a key predictor of household stability.
  • Racial and ethnic differences persist in family structures and household dynamics.