Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Environmental Influences on Intelligence01:29

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

390
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
390
Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

11.8K
Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
11.8K
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

104
Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
104
Outliers and Influential Points01:08

Outliers and Influential Points

4.2K
An outlier is an observation of data that does not fit the rest of the data. It is sometimes called an extreme value. When you graph an outlier, it will appear not to fit the pattern of the graph. Some outliers are due to mistakes (for example, writing down 50 instead of 500), while others may indicate that something unusual is happening. Outliers are present far from the least squares line in the vertical direction. They have large "errors," where the "error" or residual is the...
4.2K
Non-nuclear Inheritance01:29

Non-nuclear Inheritance

21.6K
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm⁠—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria⁠—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
21.6K
Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

103
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
103

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nonresident Parent Wealth Among Children.

Demography·2025
Same author

Childhood Family Instability and Young-Adult Union Experiences: Black-White Differences in Outcomes and Effects.

Demography·2023
Same author

Continuity and Change in U.S. Children's Family Composition, 1968-2017.

Demography·2022
Same author

Occupational Inflexibility and Women's Employment During the Transition to Parenthood.

Demography·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
06:48

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil

Published on: July 29, 2020

4.6K

Income Sources Across Childhood in Families With Nonresident Fathers.

Paula Fomby1, Hope Harvey2, Kelly Musick3

  • 1Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Demography
|January 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Unpartnered mothers use a mix of income sources to support children. Maternal earnings are vital but often insufficient, necessitating diverse financial strategies throughout childhood.

Keywords:
Family incomeFather nonresidenceIncome transfersUnpartnered parenthood

More Related Videos

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses
07:59

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses

Published on: September 19, 2011

12.7K
Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
07:56

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
06:48

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil

Published on: July 29, 2020

4.6K
Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses
07:59

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses

Published on: September 19, 2011

12.7K
Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
07:56

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Unpartnered mothers face unique financial challenges supporting children.
  • Existing research often focuses on limited timeframes or specific populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the dynamic family income sources for U.S. women and children over 17 years post-unpartnered birth or union dissolution.
  • To understand how income composition changes with child development and maternal life course events.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2001-2017).
  • Employed fixed-effect models to account for unobserved heterogeneity.
  • Examined person-year records for 3,148 children and 12,369 records.

Main Results:

  • A diverse "patchwork" of income sources is typical throughout childhood.
  • Mothers' earnings are nearly universal but insufficient as a sole income source.
  • Maternal repartnering boosts income via new partner earnings but reduces other sources, especially external ones.

Conclusions:

  • U.S. families with unpartnered mothers rely on a complex, dynamic mix of formal and informal income.
  • Weak institutional support necessitates reliance on varied income streams for family economic stability.
  • Understanding these income dynamics is crucial for effective family support policies.