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Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Intervention to the Military Setting.

M Kaye Kramer1,2, Susan C Agee3, Rachel G Miller1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

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The Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle intervention (DPP-GLB) was feasible and effective for military beneficiaries, significantly improving weight and physical activity. This program offers a model for the Military Health System to combat diabetes and obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Military Health

Background:

  • Diabetes and obesity present a significant health burden for U.S. military beneficiaries.
  • There is a need for evidence-based diabetes and obesity prevention services within the military population.
  • Formal evaluations of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) in military settings are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a direct adaptation of the DPP lifestyle intervention (DPP-GLB) at a U.S. Air Force medical facility.
  • To assess the program's impact on weight and other type 2 diabetes risk factors in at-risk active duty military, retirees, and family members.

Main Methods:

  • A pre/post study design evaluated the 1-year, 22-session DPP Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB) program.
  • Participants engaged in either coach-led face-to-face groups or a DVD format with telephonic coach contact.
  • The study was approved by relevant Institutional Review Boards.

Main Results:

  • 99 individuals enrolled, with high completion rates (84% at 6 months, 78% at 12 months).
  • Significant improvements were observed in mean weight loss (-12.8 lbs, -6.3%) and physical activity (+18.9 Met-hrs/wk).
  • Improvements were also noted in cholesterol, fasting insulin, blood pressure, waist circumference, and quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • The DPP-GLB program is feasible and effective in a military healthcare setting, delivered via group or DVD formats.
  • The intervention successfully improved weight, physical activity, and cardiovascular risk factors in military personnel and their families.
  • These findings provide a scalable model for DPP-GLB implementation across the Military Health System.