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Intersectional differences in serious violent victimization trajectories across the life course.

Daniel C Semenza1, Alexander Testa2, Dylan B Jackson3

  • 1Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, 405-7 Cooper Street, Camden, NJ 08102, USA.

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Intersectional identities significantly shape violent victimization risk across the lifespan. Black men face the highest risk, while disparities persist among Black and Hispanic women.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Individual demographic factors like race, gender, and class are known to influence violent victimization risk and health outcomes.
  • Limited research exists on how intersectional identities shape long-term victimization trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze how violent victimization trajectories differ at the intersection of race/ethnicity and sex from adolescence through middle adulthood in the U.S.
  • To identify distinct victimization patterns among intersectional groups over time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized five waves of the Add Health dataset.
  • Employed semi-parametric group-based trajectory models (GBTM) to estimate longitudinal trajectories.
  • Analyzed six distinct intersectional groups based on race/ethnicity and sex.

Main Results:

  • Black men exhibited the highest levels of violent victimization and the lowest probability of avoiding it.
  • Black women experienced high rates of chronic victimization that decreased over time.
  • White women showed a unique pattern of persistent, low-level victimization.
  • Hispanic women were more likely than White and Black women to experience persistent, low-rate victimization.

Conclusions:

  • Significant disparities in violent victimization exist across the life course for intersectional groups, disproportionately affecting Black men and women.
  • Future research should adopt an intersectional lens to understand the long-term consequences of victimization trajectories.