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Elevated resting heart rate as independent in-hospital prognostic marker in COVID-19
Jennifer Vanoli1, Giacomo Marro2, Raffaella Dell'Oro1
1Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Background:
Scarce and non-homogeneous data are available on the prognostic value of clinic heart rate (HR) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods:
The present study evaluated in 389 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 the in-hospital prognostic value of resting HR, assessed over different time periods, i.e., at hospital admission, during initial 3 days and 7 days of hospitalization.
Results:
Results show that assessment of this hemodynamic variable during hospitalization provides information on the clinical outcome of the patients, greater HR values being associated with a worse inhospital prognosis. The prognostic value of elevated HR during COVID-19: 1) was independent on other confounders such as age, gender, comorbidities and fever, 2) appeared to be strengthened by repeated measurements of HR during the initial 3/7 days of hospitalization, and 3) was detectable in patients in which the therapeutic intervention did not include drugs, such as beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, digoxin, ivabradine and antiarrhythmic compounds known to interfere with HR.
Conclusions:
Heart rate may represent an important marker of a patient's outcome in COVID-19.
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