Open Quantum System Simulation of Faraday's Induction Law via Dynamical Instabilities

Area of Science:

• Quantum Optics
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Atomic Physics

Background:

• Dynamical gauge potentials are crucial for understanding topological phases and quantum transport.
• Open quantum systems offer a platform for engineering novel quantum phenomena.
• Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) provides tools to couple atomic systems to light fields.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and theoretically investigate a novel Bose-Hubbard ladder model for studying dynamical gauge potentials.
• To explore the emergence of gauge fields and exotic current behaviors in an open quantum-gas-cavity-QED system.
• To analyze the system's response to varying pump strengths, including transitions to unstable dynamical regimes.

Main Methods:

• Development of a Bose-Hubbard ladder model incorporating atomic tunneling mediated by photon scattering.
• Analysis of the interplay between cavity photon dissipation and optomechanical atomic backaction.
• Investigation of steady-state solutions and dynamical instabilities under different pumping conditions.

Main Results:

• An average-density-dependent dynamical gauge field is induced by the system's dissipation and backaction.
• The system exhibits dissipation-stabilized steady-state motion, leading to pure chiral currents (Meissner-like effect) or combined chiral and particle currents.
• A transition to a dynamically unstable regime occurs at strong pump strengths, characterized by limit-cycle and period-doubled oscillations.
• An electromotive force is observed in the dynamical regime, consistent with Faraday's law of induction.

Conclusions:

• The proposed open quantum-gas-cavity-QED setup provides a viable platform for realizing and studying dynamical gauge potentials.
• The model successfully demonstrates the emergence of chiral currents and a Meissner-like effect through engineered dissipation.
• The observation of an induced electromotive force highlights the potential for exploring electromagnetic induction phenomena in synthetic quantum systems.