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Nanoscale Mirrorless Superradiant Lasing.

Anna Bychek1, Raphael Holzinger2, Helmut Ritsch1

  • 1Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technikerstraße 21a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Physical Review Letters
|October 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers demonstrate collective free-space lasing in dense nanoscopic emitters. This mirrorless lasing phenomenon synchronizes atomic emitters for enhanced power and directional emission, paving the way for novel optical frequency references.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Atomic emitters can synchronize their emission through dipole-dipole coupling.
  • Optical resonators are typically required for lasing phenomena.
  • Mirrorless lasing offers potential for miniaturized optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and investigate collective free-space lasing in dense nanoscopic emitter arrangements.
  • To explore the influence of pumped and unpumped emitters on lasing behavior.
  • To assess the potential of this phenomenon for active optical frequency references.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical prediction of collective free-space lasing.
  • Simulation of a subwavelength-spaced linear emitter chain.

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  • Analysis of radiated power, emission directionality, and spectral properties under varying pump conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Collective emission synchronization and lasing observed without an optical resonator.
    • Radiated power transitions from subradiant suppression to superradiant enhancement with increased pumping.
    • Directional emission and merging of spectral lines into a single narrow line at high pump power.
    • Optimal enhancement and line narrowing observed with a fraction of unpumped emitters.

    Conclusions:

    • Collective free-space lasing is achievable in dense nanoscopic emitter systems.
    • The presence of unpumped emitters enhances superradiant lasing near the bare atomic frequency.
    • This mirrorless lasing system is a promising candidate for minimalist active optical frequency references.