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Anaphylaxis due to Hymenoptera sting progressing to thoracic aortic dissection
1Texas A&M College of Medicine, Dallas, Texas.
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
|March 9, 2022
Summary
A Hymenoptera sting triggered anaphylaxis, leading to acute aortic dissection in an 83-year-old woman. Early suspicion is crucial for diagnosing this rare complication.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Hymenoptera stings can cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
- Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition involving a tear in the aorta's inner layer.
- The link between anaphylaxis and aortic dissection is not well-established.
Observation:
- An 83-year-old female presented with truncal pain, hypoxemia, and nausea following a Hymenoptera sting.
- Computed tomography angiography revealed an acute Stanford type A aortic dissection.
Findings:
- The Hymenoptera sting-induced anaphylaxis was identified as a potential trigger for the aortic dissection.
- The dissection extended from the aortic root to the left common iliac artery.
Implications:
- This case underscores anaphylaxis as a rare but critical trigger for aortic dissection.
- Prompt recognition and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes in such cases.
- Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for aortic dissection in patients with severe allergic reactions.
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