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D-Dimer: an analyte with increasing application in Covid-19 infection
Kanjaksha Ghosh1, Kinjalka Ghosh2
1Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Former Director of The Institute, National Institute of Immunohaematology (Niih-icmr), Mumbai, India.
Expert Review of Hematology
|March 9, 2022
Summary
D-Dimer testing is crucial for diagnosing and understanding various conditions, including COVID-19. Standardization of D-Dimer measurement methods is needed for accurate clinical interpretation.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Chemistry
- Hematology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- D-Dimer levels are increasingly utilized across medical specialties beyond hematology.
- COVID-19 infection presents unique challenges and insights into D-Dimer elevation and its underlying mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnostic and prognostic applications of D-Dimer.
- To explore factors influencing D-Dimer levels, including measurement techniques and pathological states.
- To specifically address the role of D-Dimer in COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of articles with relevant keywords from 1990 onwards, primarily from PubMed.
- Analysis of factors contributing to D-Dimer variability and elevation.
- Correlation of D-Dimer levels with disease stage and complications in COVID-19.
Main Results:
- D-Dimer is valuable in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing various conditions associated with elevated coagulability.
- Factors such as renal function, age, and measurement techniques influence D-Dimer reference ranges.
- In COVID-19, D-Dimer levels correlate significantly with disease severity and complications.
Conclusions:
- D-Dimer assessment requires standardization due to measurement variability and molecular heterogeneity.
- Understanding D-Dimer's role in COVID-19 provides insights into disease pathophysiology.
- Accurate D-Dimer interpretation necessitates consideration of clinical context and influencing factors.
