How does multisource feedback influence residency training? A qualitative case study.

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Postgraduate Training Assessment

Background:

• Multisource feedback (MSF), or 360-degree assessment, is utilized in postgraduate training but its value and impact factors require further understanding.
• The specific influences and outcomes of MSF in residency programs remain subjects of ongoing discussion.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the factors influencing Multisource Feedback (MSF) in residency training.
• To determine the primary impacts of MSF on the training and development of residents.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative case study was conducted within pediatric and pediatric surgery residency programs at a University Hospital.
• Data were gathered through seven focus group interviews with residents, raters, and supervisors.
• Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to identify influencing factors and impacts of MSF.

Main Results:

• Seven key factors facilitate MSF: clear goals, rater training, longitudinal observation, appropriate timing, narrative comments, resident self-assessment, and supervisor involvement.
• MSF was found to support residents' professional development, enhance interprofessional teamwork, and increase raters' commitment to resident training.

Conclusions:

• This study clarifies factors and impacts of MSF in residency training, offering recommendations for observation continuity, timing, and supervisor roles.
• Identity formation theory provides a framework for understanding MSF, advancing conceptual knowledge and optimizing its use in residency education.