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Hydroxyapatite Pellets as Versatile Model Surfaces for Systematic Adhesion Studies on Enamel: A Force Spectroscopy

Johannes Mischo1, Thomas Faidt1, Ryan B McMillan1

  • 1Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|March 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets effectively mimic natural tooth enamel for studying bacterial adhesion. This synthetic material offers a reliable alternative for research, showing similar results to enamel when evaluating Staphylococcus aureus interactions.

Keywords:
AFMStaphylococcus aureusadhesionblood plasmacontact angleellipsometryenamelhydroxyapatitesalivasingle-cell force spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Research
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Medical materials research often uses natural and synthetic surfaces.
  • Biocompatibility, osseointegration, and bacterial adhesion are critical for medical materials.
  • Natural dental materials like enamel have variable properties, complicating research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets as a synthetic model for tooth enamel.
  • To investigate the adhesion properties of Staphylococcus aureus on HAp and enamel.
  • To assess the influence of saliva and blood plasma on bacterial adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell force spectroscopy was used to measure adhesion forces.
  • Staphylococcus aureus cells were used to probe HAp and enamel surfaces.
  • Water wettability, elemental composition, and adsorbed macromolecules were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus adhesion properties were similar on HAp and enamel.
  • Saliva and blood plasma significantly decreased adhesion strength on both surfaces.
  • HAp and enamel showed comparable responses to plasma and saliva.

Conclusions:

  • Hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets serve as a suitable and consistent model for natural dental enamel.
  • HAp pellets facilitate systematic studies on bacterial adhesion, overcoming natural material variability.
  • This finding supports the use of HAp in developing new dental materials and understanding oral biofilm formation.