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Effects of Biochar Amendment and Nitrogen Fertilizer on RVA Profile and Rice Grain Quality Attributes.

Izhar Ali1, Anas Iqbal2, Saif Ullah1

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Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Applying biochar (BC) with reduced nitrogen (N) fertilizer significantly improves rice quality and yield. Optimal results were seen with 20-30 t ha-1 BC and 135 kg ha-1 N, enhancing RVA profiles, milling, and appearance.

Keywords:
RVA profile characteristicsbiocharricerice milling and appearance quality

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Soil Science
  • Agronomy

Background:

  • Modern agriculture's reliance on chemical fertilizers negatively impacts rice grain quality.
  • Biochar (BC) application is recognized for improving rice yield, especially with reduced nitrogen (N) inputs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of varying biochar (BC) rates and nitrogen (N) levels on rice RVA profile characteristics, grain milling, and appearance quality.
  • To determine optimal BC and N application rates for enhancing rice production and quality.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year field experiment (2019-2020) was conducted using four BC rates (0, 10, 20, 30 t ha-1) and two N levels (135 and 180 kg ha-1).
  • Evaluated Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) profile attributes, grain milling parameters, and appearance qualities.
  • Analyzed correlations between rice quality parameters and soil properties.

Main Results:

  • The combination of 30 t ha-1 BC and 135 kg ha-1 N significantly improved RVA profile attributes like peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity, and setback.
  • Grain yield, milled rice rate, and appearance qualities (grain length, chalkiness, amylose, and starch content) were enhanced under specific BC and N treatments.
  • Positive correlations were found between RVA profile, milling, and appearance quality with soil properties.

Conclusions:

  • Biochar application, particularly at 20-30 t ha-1 combined with 135 kg N ha-1, is a viable strategy for improving rice grain yield.
  • This BC and N combination effectively enhances RVA profile characteristics, milling efficiency, and overall grain appearance quality.
  • The study suggests BC can mitigate negative impacts of N fertilizer overuse, promoting sustainable rice production.