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Signaling pathways and targeted therapy for myocardial infarction
Qing Zhang1,2, Lu Wang1,2, Shiqi Wang1,2
1Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
|March 11, 2022
Summary
Novel therapies target cell signaling pathways to repair hearts damaged by myocardial infarction (MI). These strategies aim to reduce cardiomyocyte death and inflammation, promoting cardiac repair and functional recovery in MI patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Molecular Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality despite treatment advancements.
- Pathological characteristics of MI involve complex cell signaling pathways governing cardiomyocyte survival, proliferation, and apoptosis.
- Emerging therapeutic strategies focus on cardioprotection and cardiac repair following ischemic events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current therapeutic strategies for myocardial infarction (MI) by targeting aberrant cell signaling pathways.
- To explore novel therapies including drug, gene, protein, cell, and exosome therapy for MI treatment.
- To summarize how regulating these pathways can inhibit cardiomyocyte death, reduce inflammation, and enhance angiogenesis for cardiac repair.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cell signaling pathways implicated in myocardial infarction.
- Analysis of key mediators in inflammation (NLRP3/caspase-1, TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB), oxidative stress/apoptosis (Notch, Hippo/YAP, RhoA/ROCK, Nrf2/HO-1, Sonic hedgehog), fibrosis (TGF-β/SMADs, Wnt/β-catenin), and angiogenesis (PI3K/Akt, MAPK, JAK/STAT, Sonic hedgehog).
- Summary of emerging therapeutic approaches targeting these pathways.
Main Results:
- Identified critical signaling pathways involved in MI pathogenesis, including those regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, and angiogenesis.
- Highlighted the potential of targeting these pathways to mitigate adverse cardiac remodeling and promote recovery.
- Detailed various novel therapeutic modalities being developed for MI treatment.
Conclusions:
- Targeting aberrant cell signaling pathways is a promising strategy for myocardial infarction treatment.
- Novel therapies offer potential to inhibit cardiomyocyte death, attenuate inflammation, and enhance angiogenesis, leading to cardiac repair.
- Further research into these pathways and therapies is crucial for improving outcomes in MI patients.
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