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Exclusive Maternal Milk Compared With Exclusive Formula on Growth and Health Outcomes in Very-Low-Birthweight Preterm

Sarah N Taylor1, Tanis R Fenton2,3,3, Sharon Groh-Wargo4

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|March 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Exclusive maternal milk for very-low-birthweight preterm infants showed no association with mortality or major morbidities, but a lower risk of retinopathy. Growth outcomes varied based on milk fortification.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Nutrition
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Evidence-Based Pediatrics

Background:

  • Optimal nutrition is crucial for very-low-birthweight (VLBW) preterm infants.
  • Associations between exclusive maternal milk and exclusive formula feeding and infant outcomes require systematic evaluation.
  • Understanding these associations informs clinical practice and infant care.

Conclusions:

  • The evidence regarding exclusive maternal milk versus formula in VLBW preterm infants is very uncertain due to study design limitations and bias.
  • While exclusive maternal milk may reduce retinopathy risk, its impact on other outcomes and growth is not definitively established, especially for non-fortified milk.
  • Further research, potentially including randomized controlled trials, is needed to establish causality.

Keywords:
enteral nutritionmaternal milkmother's milkpreterm infantsystematic reviewvery low birthweight

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