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Published on: September 5, 2017
Unusual manifestations of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a pictorial essay
S Elango1, S Prema1, A R Vijayakumar1
1Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
Purpose:
Tuberculosis is quite common in India. About 40% of all Indians are infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, with 2.5 million active tuberculosis cases. Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, but it can affect any organ. Extra-pulmonary involvement occurs 15-20% of cases in immune-competent patients and in more than 50% in HIV patients. The most common extra-pulmonary sites are lymph nodes, pleura, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, or meninges.
Case Reports:
In this pictorial review article we present 8 atypical cases of tuberculosis and describe their imaging features and histopathology.
Conclusions:
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect virtually any organ and can mimic various inflammatory and neoplastic disorders apart from other infective conditions. A strong index of suspicion is required particularly in those countries endemic to tuberculosis.
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