Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
08:34

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

7.3K

Heart Failure Associated With Ventricular Septal Defect, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Non-stenotic Bicuspid Aortic Valve,

Antoine El Khoury1,2, Elham Lagha3, Zela Maria Butchakdjian3

  • 1Cardiology, University of Balamand, Beirut, LBN.

Cureus
|March 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case report details a rare simultaneous occurrence of ventricular septal defect (VSD), bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), and patent foramen ovale (PFO) in an adult male. The coexistence of these congenital heart defects was associated with new-onset heart failure and mitral valve prolapse (MVP).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) are common congenital heart defects.
  • VSD incidence decreases in adults due to spontaneous closure, while BAV can occur sporadically or with other malformations.
  • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) are occasionally associated with VSD and BAV.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old male presented with persistent VSD, BAV, and PFO.
  • The patient experienced new-onset heart failure.
  • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was also diagnosed in conjunction with these defects.

Findings:

  • This is the first reported case of the simultaneous association of VSD, BAV, PFO, and MVP.
  • The coexistence of these structural heart malformations presented as new-onset heart failure.
  • The study highlights a potential link between multiple congenital heart defects and heart failure development.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering multiple congenital heart defects in adult patients presenting with heart failure.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the association between combined structural heart anomalies and heart failure risk.
  • Understanding these complex associations can improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for congenital heart disease patients.

Keywords:
bicuspid aortic valve diseaseglobal longitudinal strainheart failure with reduced ejection fractionmitral valve prolapsepatent foramen ovalventricular septal defect (vsd)

More Related Videos

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure07:41

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

Published on: February 8, 2022

3.8K
Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice08:21

Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice

Published on: June 15, 2020

4.4K

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
65
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
58
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
75
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
40
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
61
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
269