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Vascular toxicity associated with antineoplastic agents.

D C Doll, Q S Ringenberg, J W Yarbro

    Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
    |September 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Antineoplastic agents can cause diverse vascular complications, from arterial lesions to fatal syndromes. Research is needed to better understand and manage these serious side effects in cancer patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Vascular Medicine
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Vascular complications from antineoplastic agents are increasingly recognized.
    • These toxicities present a wide clinical spectrum, including thrombotic microangiopathic syndrome, Raynaud's phenomenon, and acute arterial ischemic events.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the spectrum of vascular complications associated with antineoplastic agents.
    • To discuss potential mechanisms underlying drug-induced vascular toxicity.
    • To highlight the need for further research into incidence, pathogenesis, and management.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of reported vascular complications linked to antineoplastic therapies.
    • Analysis of specific agents (Mitomycin, Bleomycin, Cisplatin) and their associated vascular syndromes.

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  • Discussion of proposed pathogenetic mechanisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Mitomycin is frequently associated with thrombotic microangiopathic syndrome.
    • Bleomycin can cause Raynaud's phenomenon, often with vinca alkaloids or cisplatin.
    • Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is linked to acute arterial ischemic events like myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents.

    Conclusions:

    • Vascular toxicity is a significant concern with antineoplastic agents, requiring careful monitoring.
    • Multiple mechanisms, including endovascular damage and hemostatic abnormalities, may contribute to these complications.
    • Further investigation is crucial for improved patient outcomes and therapeutic strategies.