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Five-Year Trends in US Children's Health and Well-being, 2016-2020
Lydie A Lebrun-Harris1, Reem M Ghandour1, Michael D Kogan1
1US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau.
JAMA Pediatrics
|March 14, 2022
Summary
Childhood anxiety and depression increased significantly, while physical activity and parent mental health declined between 2016-2020. These trends highlight critical areas for improving children's health and well-being.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health Outcomes
- Childhood Mental Health Trends
- Public Health Surveillance
Background:
- The well-being of 73 million US children is crucial for national health and long-term adult outcomes.
- Understanding recent trends in children's health is vital, especially changes potentially linked to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine recent trends in children's health-related measures from 2016 to 2020.
- To identify significant changes possibly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of annual data from the National Survey of Children's Health (2016-2020).
- Inclusion of a nationally representative sample of 174,551 children aged 0-17 years.
- Use of adjusted logistic regression models to assess trends over time.
Main Results:
- Significant increases observed in childhood anxiety (+29%) and depression (+27%) from 2016-2020.
- Decreases noted in daily physical activity (-18%), parent mental health (-5%), and coping with parenting demands (-11%).
- Between 2019-2020, increases in behavior problems (+21%) and child care disruptions (+34%), alongside a decrease in preventive medical visits (-9%).
Conclusions:
- Recent trends reveal concerning shifts in children's health, including mental health and lifestyle behaviors.
- Findings underscore the need for targeted research, clinical interventions, policy adjustments, and program investments.
- Further analysis is required to understand variations within specific child subpopulations.
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