Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

Allosteric Proteins-ATCase

5.9K
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to  N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
5.9K
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

16.2K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
16.2K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.2K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.2K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

7.6K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
7.6K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

25.9K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
25.9K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

11.9K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
11.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Analysis of the association between outdoor artificial light exposure and depressive symptoms in patients with different subtypes of depression.

Journal of psychiatric researchĀ·2026
Same author

Carrier-free targeted co-assembly of glycyrrhizin and puerarin overcomes ocular barriers for corneal alkali burn therapy via macrophage reprogramming.

Materials today. BioĀ·2026
Same author

Short-Term Impacts of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Components on Schizophrenia Hospitalization: A Time-Series Analysis From Nanning, China.

GeoHealthĀ·2026
Same author

Chrysin Attenuates Dry Eye Progression by Suppressing NOX2-Dependent Ferroptosis and STING/NLRP3-Mediated Inflammatory Responses.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceĀ·2026
Same author

Modified skills of trypsin-digested retinal vasculature mount preparation and string vessels observation.

BMC ophthalmologyĀ·2026
Same author

Activation of PPARĪ³ Attenuates Age-Related Lacrimal Gland Dysfunction by Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Ferroptosis.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceĀ·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

6.8K

PTB: Not just a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein.

Shirui Dai1,2,3,4,5, Chao Wang1,2,3, Cheng Zhang1,2,3

  • 1National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|March 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) regulates mRNA metabolism and cell development. Its knockout in glial cells can create functional neurons, showing potential for nerve regeneration but remaining controversial.

Keywords:
PTBPTBP1alternative splicingdevelopmentdisease

More Related Videos

A Rapid High-throughput Method for Mapping Ribonucleoproteins RNPs on Human pre-mRNA
13:00

A Rapid High-throughput Method for Mapping Ribonucleoproteins RNPs on Human pre-mRNA

Published on: December 2, 2009

11.9K
DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
08:04

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

6.8K
A Rapid High-throughput Method for Mapping Ribonucleoproteins RNPs on Human pre-mRNA
13:00

A Rapid High-throughput Method for Mapping Ribonucleoproteins RNPs on Human pre-mRNA

Published on: December 2, 2009

11.9K
DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
08:04

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) is a key regulator in mRNA metabolism.
  • PTB shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, influencing alternative splicing and other mRNA processes.
  • PTB's function is organ-specific and modulated by noncoding RNAs, impacting development and differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of PTB in cellular processes.
  • To investigate the potential of PTB knockout in glial cell reprogramming for nerve regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PTB's function in mRNA metabolism.
  • Investigating PTB's role in organ-specific regulation.
  • Examining the effects of PTB knockout in glial cells.

Main Results:

  • PTB is crucial for alternative splicing and mRNA metabolism.
  • PTB knockout inhibits tumorigenesis and development.
  • Glial cell reprogramming into neurons via PTB knockout shows promise but requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • PTB plays a significant role in cellular development and mRNA processing.
  • PTB modulation offers potential therapeutic avenues for nerve regeneration, though further research is needed to address controversies.