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Understanding Influences on Intention to Use Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among African American Young Adults
Suur D Ayangeakaa1, Jelani Kerr2, Ryan Combs2
1Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. suur.ayangeakaa@unc.edu.
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
|March 15, 2022
Summary
Understanding factors influencing PrEP uptake among African American young adults is key to reducing HIV disparities. Addressing awareness, beliefs, and social norms can improve PrEP use in this high-risk population.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- HIV Prevention Research
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is crucial for HIV prevention but faces equitable utilization challenges.
- African Americans experience disproportionately high HIV rates, yet PrEP uptake remains low within this demographic.
- Understanding barriers among diverse African American young adults is vital for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore factors influencing PrEP uptake among various African American young adult priority groups.
- To identify behavioral beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls impacting PrEP acceptability and intention.
- To inform tailored outreach strategies for increasing PrEP utilization.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Afya project, employing the Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior framework.
- Conducted eleven focus groups (N=63) with African American young adults (18-29 years) in Louisville, KY.
- Analyzed data using constructivist grounded theory techniques to understand influences on PrEP use.
Main Results:
- PrEP awareness, knowledge, perceived risk, and need significantly influenced attitudes towards PrEP.
- Adherence beliefs, social norms (opinions of others), and self-efficacy (confidence in adherence) also impacted PrEP acceptability and intention.
- These factors collectively influenced participants' intention to use PrEP, both positively and negatively.
Conclusions:
- Factors such as awareness, perceived risk, social influences, and confidence in adherence play critical roles in PrEP uptake among African American young adults.
- Addressing these multifaceted influences is essential for developing effective interventions.
- Tailored outreach strategies informed by these findings can help improve PrEP utilization and reduce HIV disparities.
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