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Is there a threshold for red cell distribution width to predict malignancy in breast masses?

O M Akturk1, D Yildirim1, M Cakir1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

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|March 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Red cell distribution width (RDW) can help differentiate benign from malignant breast lesions. Elevated RDW levels, adjusted for anemia, show predictive value for breast cancer detection.

Keywords:
Breast cancerRDWbreast malignancybreast massfibroadenomared cell distribution width

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a parameter reflecting red blood cell volume variation.
  • RDW has demonstrated prognostic capabilities in various diseases and solid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the discriminative power of RDW in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions.
  • To assess RDW's utility as a potential biomarker for breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study comparing RDW levels in patients with fibroadenomas (Group A) and breast cancer with lymph node metastasis (Group B).
  • Exclusion criteria included hemoglobin levels below 12 mg/dl; outliers were removed.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine RDW's predictive threshold for malignancy.

Main Results:

  • A significant difference in RDW levels was observed between the fibroadenoma group (13.10%) and the breast cancer group (13.80%) (P = 0.00).
  • The area under the ROC curve was 0.71, indicating moderate discriminative ability.
  • At a threshold of 13.75%, RDW achieved a positive predictive value of 67.35% and a negative predictive value of 67.42%.

Conclusions:

  • Adjusted RDW levels demonstrate a positive predictive value for malignancy in over two-thirds of patients at a threshold of 13.75%.
  • RDW shows potential as an accessible biomarker to aid in the diagnosis of breast cancer.