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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Community Health

Background:

  • Opioid overdoses necessitate rapid intervention, but emergency responders face limitations in timely administration of naloxone.
  • Empowering laypersons with naloxone administration training and real-time overdose notifications can significantly increase survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of the Opioid Rapid Response System (ORRS), a program designed to recruit, train, and connect citizen responders to overdose events.
  • To present protocols for participant recruitment, development of online naloxone training, and distribution of intranasal naloxone kits.

Main Methods:

  • A two-arm randomized waitlist-controlled study involving 220 laypersons from five Indiana counties.
  • Participants were assigned to either immediate online naloxone training or a waitlist control group.
  • Knowledge, skills, and attitudes were measured pre- and post-training, with a linear mixed model for outcome analysis.

Main Results:

  • The study protocols are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based naloxone administration.
  • Analysis will determine changes in targeted outcomes within the training group, accounting for fixed and random effects.

Conclusions:

  • The Opioid Rapid Response System (ORRS) presents a potentially cost-effective, community-engaged model for technology-assisted emergency response to opioid overdoses.
  • The study protocols can serve as a valuable framework for other emergency response programs utilizing laypersons.