PLGA Nanoparticle Rapamycin- or Necrostatin-1-Coated Sutures Inhibit Inflammatory Reactions after Arterial Closure in...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Vascular Surgery
• Immunology

Background:

• Suture material and post-arterial closure oozing trigger inflammatory reactions.
• Anti-inflammatory coatings on sutures can effectively mitigate these reactions.
• Developing models to test novel coated sutures is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a rat carotid artery oozing model for evaluating arterial closure.
• To assess the efficacy of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle (NP) rapamycin- or necrostatin-1 (NEC-1)-coated sutures.
• To investigate the impact of these coated sutures on inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

• Created a 10 mm arteriotomy in Sprague-Dawley rat carotid arteries, closed with 11-0 sutures.
• Developed PLGA NP-rapamycin and NEC-1, and coated 11/0 nylon sutures.
• Examined suture properties (SEM, hemolysis, release) and evaluated tissue histology and immunohistochemistry on day 7 post-closure.

Main Results:

• Oozing arteries exhibited severe inflammatory reactions compared to normal healing arteries.
• PLGA NP-rapamycin- and NEC-1-coated sutures significantly reduced foreign body reactions versus uncoated sutures.
• Coated suture groups showed decreased CD3, CD45, CD68, p-mTOR, and TNFα positive cells, indicating reduced inflammation.

Conclusions:

• PLGA NP-rapamycin- or NP-NEC-1-coated sutures effectively inhibit inflammatory and foreign body reactions in a rat carotid artery oozing model.
• These findings suggest potential clinical applications for advanced coated sutures in vascular procedures.
• Further research may validate these results in larger studies or human trials.