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Compact, broadband, and low-loss multimode optical switch based on phase-change material for mode division

Ali Atri, Abbas Zarifkar, Kolsoom Mehrabi

    Applied Optics
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    This study introduces a compact multimode optical switch using phase-change material for enhanced data transmission in photonic integrated circuits. The device supports multiple modes with excellent performance, paving the way for faster communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Integrated Circuit Technology

    Background:

    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is crucial for increasing data capacity in optical communication systems.
    • Multimode optical switches are essential components for building robust MDM interconnection networks.
    • Existing solutions face challenges in terms of size, performance, and material compatibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and simulate a novel multimode on-off optical switch.
    • To utilize Germanium-Antimony-Selenium-Tellurium (Ge2Sb2Se4Te1) phase-change material for optical switching.
    • To evaluate the switch's performance for multiple modes (TE0, TE1, TM0, TM1) across a broad wavelength range.

    Main Methods:

    • 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations were employed for device analysis.
    • The switch design incorporates a compact footprint of 10.7µm x 3µm.
    • Performance metrics including insertion loss and extinction ratio were calculated.

    Main Results:

    • The switch demonstrates low insertion loss (<0.80 dB) and high extinction ratio (>20.21 dB) for TE0, TE1, TM0, and TM1 modes.
    • The device operates effectively across a wide wavelength range (100 nm to 1550 nm).
    • The switch exhibits good tolerance to fabrication variations, including waveguide width, height, and material thickness.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed Ge2Sb2Se4Te1-based multimode optical switch offers a promising solution for high-capacity photonic integrated circuits.
    • The compact size, broad wavelength operation, and fabrication tolerance make it suitable for practical MDM networks.
    • This technology advancement contributes to the development of next-generation optical communication systems.