Evaluation of thermal plasma process for treatment disposal of solid radioactive waste

The management of radioactive waste is a worldwide activity based on the guidelines of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and all stages of management require scientifically proven methods for possible deployment. The management of radioactive waste is a huge challenge due to the high risk in the collection, gathering, transport, handling, and storage. In this study, a thermal plasma treatment process was evaluated for its efficiency to process solid radioactive waste. Experiments were carried out with the application of stable isotopes of Lead, Iodine, Cobalt, and Cesium. After the thermal plasma treatments, the slag and the residual gas were analyzed to verify the influence of process time and discharge power on the efficiency of the process. The treatment for 25 min and 10 kW was sufficient to reduce the mass by 50% of the slag. When the applied power was increased to 15 kW, an expressive reduction in the treatment time (10 min) was able to promote the same mass reduction. The results indicated that the treatment of radioactive waste by thermal plasma is a promising method to manage and reduce the mass and volume for the final disposal.