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Updated: Sep 30, 2025
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Isolation and Characterization of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Preterm and Term Infants
Published on: January 26, 2019
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Guideline No. 424: Umbilical Cord Management in Preterm and Term Infants
Sarah D McDonald1, Michael Narvey2, William Ehman3
1Hamilton, ON.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|March 18, 2022
Summary
Deferred (delayed) cord clamping (DCC) for at least 30 seconds benefits preterm infants by reducing mortality and morbidity. Umbilical cord milking may increase risks in very preterm infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Obstetrics
- Perinatal medicine
Background:
- Deferred (delayed) cord clamping (DCC) and umbilical cord milking are interventions aimed at optimizing placental transfusion.
- Evidence regarding their impact on maternal and infant outcomes in singleton and twin gestations requires synthesis.
Framework:
- This analysis synthesizes evidence on DCC and umbilical cord milking from major medical databases.
- The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess evidence quality and recommendation strength.
Implementation:
- For preterm singletons, DCC for 30-120 seconds is recommended to reduce infant mortality and morbidity.
- DCC in preterm twins shows some benefits, while in term singletons, it improves hematological parameters.
- Umbilical cord milking is associated with increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in very preterm infants.
Implications:
- Findings support DCC as a beneficial practice in preterm and term singleton and twin gestations.
- Caution is advised regarding umbilical cord milking in very preterm infants due to potential risks.
- Maternity and newborn care providers should consider these evidence-based recommendations in clinical practice.
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