Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.3K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.3K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

5.3K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
5.3K
Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

122
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
122
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

2.1K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
2.1K
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

1.2K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
1.2K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

857
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
857

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prolonged Deltamethrin Exposure Induces Dose-Dependent Glycerol Overproduction and Efficient Deltamethrin Removal by <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>.

Metabolites·2026
Same author

Nanotip acetylcholine biosensor reveals cholinergic differentiated SH-SY5Y cells release partial vesicle content during exocytosis.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Maturation stage-specific V-ATPase disassembly explains the neutral pH of mature mucocyst lysosome-related organelles in Tetrahymena thermophila.

Journal of cell science·2025
Same author

Gaining Biological Insights Into Deltamethrin-Induced Toxicity and Resistance at the Molecular Level.

Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology·2025
Same author

Electrochemical Droplet Sculpturing of Short Carbon Fiber Nanotip Electrodes for Neurotransmitter Detection.

ACS electrochemistry·2025
Same author

Inferring gene-pathway associations from consolidated transcriptome datasets: an interactive gene network explorer for <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

999

Plasticizers: negative impacts on the thyroid hormone system.

Ceyhun Bereketoglu1, Ajay Pradhan2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|March 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plasticizers, common chemicals in products, disrupt thyroid hormones (TH) in animals and humans. Exposure can alter thyroid function, affecting hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Keywords:
Environmental pollutantsMetabolismPhthalatesThyroidThyroid hormones

More Related Videos

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

6.2K
Assessment of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds on the Development of Vertebrate Neural Network Function Using Multi-electrode Arrays
08:28

Assessment of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds on the Development of Vertebrate Neural Network Function Using Multi-electrode Arrays

Published on: April 26, 2018

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

999
Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

6.2K
Assessment of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds on the Development of Vertebrate Neural Network Function Using Multi-electrode Arrays
08:28

Assessment of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds on the Development of Vertebrate Neural Network Function Using Multi-electrode Arrays

Published on: April 26, 2018

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • The thyroid gland is crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and development.
  • Thyroid hormones (TH), including T3 and T4, are vital for maintaining bodily homeostasis.
  • Increased environmental pollutants, such as plasticizers, are linked to rising thyroid-related health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impacts of plasticizers on the thyroid system in both animals and humans.
  • To understand how plasticizers affect thyroid hormone levels and gene expression.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which plasticizers disrupt thyroid function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating plasticizer effects on the thyroid.
  • Analysis of correlations between plasticizer exposure and serum T4/T3 levels.
  • Examination of changes in TH-related gene and protein expression (TSH, TRH).
  • Review of histological findings in thyroid tissues exposed to plasticizers.

Main Results:

  • Plasticizers are detected in the environment, animals, and humans due to widespread use.
  • Studies show plasticizers can alter thyroid function, with varied correlations to T4 and T3 levels.
  • Plasticizer exposure can modify the expression of key thyroid-related genes and proteins.
  • Histological changes like follicular cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia are observed in response to plasticizers.

Conclusions:

  • Plasticizers have the potential to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis.
  • The mechanisms of plasticizer toxicity on the thyroid are diverse and require further investigation.
  • Understanding these impacts is critical for public health, given the ubiquity of plasticizers.