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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

Published on: June 24, 2020

Postnatal intestinal mucosa and gut microbial composition develop hand in hand: A mouse study.

Uday Pandey¹, Palok Aich¹

¹School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India.

Biomedical Journal

|March 20, 2022

Summary

The developing gut microbiome and host factors interact to mature the intestinal barrier during early life. This study reveals the critical role of microbial composition, like Bacteroidetes, in forming gut defense mechanisms.

Keywords:

Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila)Goblet cells Gut barrier integrity Gut microbiota Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs)Postnatal period

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Developmental Biology
Immunology

Background:

Postnatal gut microbiota undergoes dynamic structural and functional changes.
Intestinal mucosal barrier integrity is crucial for host defense against pathogens.
The co-development of gut microbes, barrier integrity, and epithelial cells is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the age-dependent relationship between gut microbial composition and intestinal development in mice.
To elucidate the kinetics of microbial colonization and barrier formation during the critical postnatal window.

Main Methods:

16S rRNA gene sequencing for gut microbial composition and diversity analysis.
In vivo gut permeability assays, gene expression analysis of tight junction proteins and epithelial cell markers.
Assessment of goblet cell populations, villus length, and cecal IgA levels.

Main Results:

Significant shifts in gut microbial composition observed from postnatal day 14, with initial Proteobacteria and peak Verrucomicrobia abundance.
Age-dependent biphasic pattern in intestinal barrier integrity and intestinal epithelial cell differentiation.
Bacteroidetes phylum correlated with mucosal barrier formation, while early barrier improvement (days 1-7) was linked to host factors.

Conclusions:

Host factors and the gut microbiome are crucial for intestinal development and mucosal homeostasis.
Microbial composition, particularly Bacteroidetes, plays a significant role in postnatal gut barrier maturation.
Understanding these interactions is key to developing strategies for gut health.