Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

778
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
778
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

415
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
415
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

1.2K
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
1.2K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

3.0K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
3.0K
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:17

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

1.5K
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
1.5K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

449
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
449

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bridging the global Parkinson's divide: Technology as a structural solution for equitable and brain health-integrated care.

Journal of Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Beyond hypoxia: Systemic acidemia and respiratory insufficiency in Lance-Adams syndrome.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2026
Same author

Stereotypies misdiagnosed as functional neurological disorder in late-onset Niemann-Pick C.

Parkinsonism & related disorders·2026
Same author

Serious side effects of Alzheimer's immunotherapy demand scrutiny.

Ageing research reviews·2026
Same author

Functional and Structural Brain Imaging Correlates of Treatment Response in Functional Movement Disorder.

Current neurology and neuroscience reports·2026
Same author

Systematic review of movement disorders mislabeled as functional: when incongruence misleads.

Journal of neurology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

14.2K

Functional tremor.

Petra Schwingenschuh1, Alberto J Espay2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|March 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional tremor, a common movement disorder, is diagnosed at the bedside by identifying inconsistent features. Treatment research is ongoing for this neurological disability.

Keywords:
Functional movement disordersFunctional neurologic disorderFunctional tremor

More Related Videos

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
05:51

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 14, 2021

4.0K
Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 29, 2025

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

14.2K
Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
05:51

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 14, 2021

4.0K
Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional tremor is the most prevalent functional movement disorder.
  • Diagnosis relies on specific clinical features like distractibility and entrainment.
  • Underlying factors include attention, beliefs, emotion processing, and limbic-motor connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic criteria for functional tremor.
  • To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of functional tremor.
  • To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical bedside diagnosis using characteristic features.
  • Laboratory support via accelerometry and surface electromyography in select cases.
  • Review of existing literature on pathophysiology and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Functional tremor can be diagnosed with high clinical certainty.
  • Inconsistent and incongruent features are key diagnostic markers.
  • Impaired emotion processing and altered brain connectivity are associated with functional tremor.

Conclusions:

  • Bedside diagnosis is feasible and reliable for functional tremor.
  • Further research is needed to establish effective treatments.
  • Physiotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy show promise for managing functional tremor.