Implementation and analysis of a LGBTQ cultural competency module on pharmacy student knowledge

This study describes the implementation and assessment of a cultural competency module on caring for patients who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer (LGBTQ). The module was delivered to first professional year pharmacy students, and focused on student knowledge and application of LGBTQ-specific definitions, inclusive language, and health disparities.

A mixed-methods design captured data to assess the effect of a LGBTQ module on student knowledge and confidence. For the pre- and post-assessment, descriptive statistics were calculated and mean differences were compared using the paired sample t-test. The number of correct choices for multiple-select questions were compared using the Pearson chi-square test. Post-laboratory (lab) reflections were analyzed via percentages of agreement for Likert-scale questions and thematic analysis of free-response questions.

Average pre- and post-assessment scores (n = 74 students) were 47.84% and 53.51% (P = .02). Sub-analysis of the multiple-select questions indicated statistically significant improvement in student performance on health disparities and culturally-competent communication (P values < .05). Likert-scale questions from 71 student's post-lab reflections indicated agreement of improved knowledge of health disparities (95.77%) and LGBTQ terminology (92.96%). Agreement in student's confidence using inclusive language and competent communication improved from 64.79% pre- to 95.67% post-module. Reflection themes included respect, inclusivity, awareness, and avoiding assumptions.

The module slightly improved student knowledge via assessment performance; however, student-reported knowledge and confidence regarding LGBTQ competency significantly improved. This module can be utilized by schools of pharmacy as a model educational activity on LGBTQ cultural competency with lab-based application.