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Updated: Sep 29, 2025
Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
Evaluation of online game-based and traditional teaching methods in cephalometric landmarks identifications
Zihan Zhang1, Wen Liao1, Xin Xiong1
1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Introduction:
Orthodontic students need to accurately identify cephalometric landmarks to perform cephalometric measurements, which is the prerequisite to proper orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. To provide insights into future cephalometric education, we compared the performance of different methods that can be used in tracing practice, including a novel online game-based method, the cephalometric training module of Uceph (version 948; Uceph, Chengdu, China).
Methods:
A total of 45 first-year orthodontic graduate students were divided into 3 groups to receive different kinds of cephalometric training (module group, practicing with the cephalometric training module of Uceph; teaching group, practicing under the teacher's guidance; self-training group, practicing with traced cephalogram as reference). After training with 4 cephalograms, students completed 2 test samples in which the tracing accuracy and time were recorded and a questionnaire concerning their feelings.
Results:
Both the teaching and module group offered performance advantages on increasing the tracing accuracy and speed of students. The module group provided a better performance on improving tracing accuracy than the teaching group. Students in the module group showed improved concentration, interest, satisfaction toward the teaching method and confidence of correctly identifying landmarks than self-training group, and enhanced interest than students in the teaching group.
Conclusions:
The shooting game-based cephalometric training module of Uceph has demonstrated better performance than traditional face-to-face teaching and self-learning, proving to be a viable online tool to train cephalometric tracing, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
