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Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection and Persistent Wheezing in Young Children: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Huiming Sun1, Shuxiang Li2, Ting Wang1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|March 24, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) DNA was frequently found in children with persistent wheezing (PW). Young children with low MP load and weak inflammatory responses may be linked to PW.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Persistent wheezing (PW) in children is a common clinical challenge.
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a potential, yet understudied, contributor to PW.
  • Investigating MP's role requires understanding its clinical presentation in young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical characteristics of children with persistent wheezing (PW) associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).
  • To compare clinical features between children with PW and MP DNA, and control groups with MP pneumonia (MPP) and foreign-body aspiration (FBA).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study design.
  • Inclusion of children under 3 years with PW and MP DNA in BALF.
  • Comparison with control groups of children diagnosed with MPP and FBA.

Main Results:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) DNA was detected in 33.7% of children with persistent wheezing (PW).
  • Children with MP pneumonia (MPP) were older, had higher fever, C-reactive protein (CRP), and MP DNA load compared to PW patients.
  • MP DNA load correlated positively with age and CRP in PW patients.

Conclusions:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is frequently detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of children with persistent wheezing (PW).
  • Younger children with lower MP loads and reduced antibody levels may indicate a link to PW.
  • A potentially weak inflammatory response in conjunction with low MP load might be associated with persistent wheezing in children.
Keywords:
bronchoalveolar lavagechildrenmycoplasma pneumoniaepersistent wheezingpolymerase chain reactionserology

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