Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

400

Underestimated Prediabetic Biomarkers: Are We Blind to Their Strategy?

Carla Luís1,2,3, Raquel Soares2,3, Pilar Baylina1,3,4

  • 1Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology (LABMI)-Porto Research, Technology and Innovation Center (PORTIC), Porto, Portugal.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|March 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

New biomarkers like Galectin-3, Ophthalmate, and Fetuin-A show promise for early Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) detection. Further research is needed to understand their role in T2D pathophysiology and clinical application.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Non-communicable Diseases

Background:

  • Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a rapidly growing global health challenge linked to modern lifestyles.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing T2D prevalence and incidence.
  • Existing predictive biomarkers for T2D are not yet routine in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and discuss promising biomarkers for early Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) detection.
  • To explore the potential of Galectin-3, Ophthalmate, and Fetuin-A as T2D biomarkers.
  • To highlight the need for further research into novel biomarkers and their mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on T2D biomarkers.
  • Focus on preliminary findings for Galectin-3, Ophthalmate, and Fetuin-A.
  • Discussion of the pathophysiological associations and clinical potential of these biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Galectin-3, Ophthalmate, and Fetuin-A show promising preliminary results as potential biomarkers for T2D.
  • These biomarkers may also serve as therapeutic targets for managing prediabetes and T2D.
  • Limited studies exist for these specific biomarkers, indicating a need for more extensive research.

Conclusions:

  • Galectin-3, Ophthalmate, and Fetuin-A represent promising avenues for T2D early diagnosis.
  • Further investigation is essential to elucidate their mechanisms and validate their clinical utility.
  • Advancing biomarker research is key to improving T2D prevention and management strategies.
Keywords:
biomarkersdiabetesearly diagnosisfetuin-Agalectin-3ophthalmateprediabetes

More Related Videos

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

11.1K
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

15.6K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
844
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.0K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
12.1K
Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring01:25

Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring

Blood pressure monitoring is a crucial clinical procedure in diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions. Despite its significance, the accuracy of blood pressure measurements can be compromised by multiple factors, potentially leading to either falsely high or low readings. These inaccuracies are critical as they can significantly impact patient care. So, it is vital to understand these challenges deeply and adopt strategic approaches to minimize errors.
Several factors...
996
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.4K
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
111