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Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Agnieszka Decyk1, Milena Kobylińska1, Katarzyna Antosik1
1Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, Poland.
Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny
|March 24, 2022
Summary
Vitamin D plays a key role in innate immunity and may help prevent or treat COVID-19. Adequate vitamin D supplementation is recommended, particularly for older adults and those with chronic conditions like obesity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Virology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a significant respiratory illness.
- Higher COVID-19 mortality is observed in the elderly and individuals with comorbidities, including obesity and chronic diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on the impact of vitamin D levels on SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes.
- To assess the potential role of vitamin D as a preventive or therapeutic agent against COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of studies published between January 1, 2009, and June 31, 2021.
- Searches conducted in bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus) using keywords: Covid-19, vitamin D, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, vitamin D supplementation, SARS-CoV-2.
Main Results:
- Vitamin D is crucial for innate immunity during acute respiratory infections.
- Vitamin D deficiency, obesity, advanced age, and ethnicity are linked to COVID-19 severity.
- Hypotheses suggest vitamin D supplementation could be a beneficial intervention for COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D possesses immunomodulatory properties.
- Adequate vitamin D supplementation may serve as a preventive or therapeutic strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- This is particularly relevant for vulnerable populations, including the elderly, obese, and those with chronic diseases.
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